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Painful swelling needs assessment

Epididymitis affects the tube behind the testicle; orchitis refers to inflammation of the testicle. Pain, tenderness, swelling, urinary symptoms or discharge can occur. You cannot reliably distinguish infection from other causes of acute scrotal pain by reading symptoms online.

Testing guides the treatment

A clinician may examine you and arrange urine, swab or other tests. Sexually transmitted infections are one possible cause, but not the only one. Follow the prescribed course and ask whether partners need testing or treatment and when sexual activity can resume.

Do not massage an inflamed area

Postpone genital or groin bodywork while symptoms are being investigated or treated. Pressure is not a substitute for infection treatment. Tell the clinician if symptoms began after a procedure or session and report worsening pain, fever or swelling rather than simply booking another massage.

Sudden unbearable pain is an emergency

Sudden intense testicular or abdominal pain can be caused by torsion and needs emergency assessment. Do not assume it is a recurrence of a previous infection. Keep follow-up if symptoms persist after treatment; improvement and complete recovery are not always simultaneous.

Sources and further reading

Related practical guides